Fate, fortune, Providence, or whatever it was shined its light on the Texians and their struggle. It shown brightest where the Buffalo Bayou and the San Jacinto River converge. The Battle of San Jacinto is a commonly told story in Texas. And while it has earned its place in military history—being one of the most decisive outcomes of any battle in history—it shares aspects with another historic battle in ancient Greece. General Sam Houston attacked the Mexicans at approximately 4:30 pm on 21 April 1836. He picked the time to attack for specific reasons. First, it was unconventional for the era. Attacks were usually formed up in the early morning, resulting in mid-morning battles. Houston, however, waited for the sun to move just above the hill from where his forces would charge—burning in the face of the Mexicans. And, Santa Anna’s men still lingered in their tents from their midday rest. None of the Mexican generals expected any action.
A few thousand years before, Themistocles, the Athenian general, performed a late-day naval attack against the Persians in narrow waters not far from Thermopylae. Both Houston and Themistocles attacked superior forces late in the day, inflicting heavy losses on their enemy. Unlike Themistocles, however, Houston’s victory resolved the issue between Texas and Mexico. An 18-minute fight sent Santa Anna fleeing the battlefield on horseback, and what was left of his army fell captive to Houston’s men.
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Map detailing the San Jacinto battlefield.
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